Abstract We investigate the coupled evolution of heterogeneous strain, crystallinity, and stress fields in natural rubber (NR) sheets containing a circular hole during uniaxial stretching, with a focus on how strain-induced crystallization (SIC) influences local stress concentration at structural discontinuities. By high-resolution digital image correlation, an empirical strain-crystallinity relationship and a hyperelasticity analysis firmly grounded in stress–strain data obtained under diverse deformation modes, we quantitatvely map the spatial distributions of strain, SIC, and stress in the extreme vicinity (≈0.2 mm) of the defect. Local strain concentration at the lateral hole edges triggers pronounced SIC, resulting in strong stiffening and a...

Abstract Freshwater scarcity is a critical issue in Vietnam, particularly in the Mekong Delta, a densely populated region with an agriculture-based economy. This scarcity is largely driven by saltwater intrusion during the dry season, severely affecting both agriculture and the local economy. In response, advanced desalination technologies have been proposed. In this study, we investigated the use of cyclopentane (CP), a liquid guest molecule, and 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R134a), a gaseous guest molecule, as hydrate formers to desalinate saline water from the Mekong Delta. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the freshwater recovery efficiencies of these hydrate formers and assess the...

Abstract The presence of phosphorus in livestock sewage is a key factor that causes eutrophication and the degradation of ecological water quality. Cyclopentane (CP) hydrate-based water treatment technique was utilized for the efficient total removal of phosphorus in effluents. This study assesses the treatment effectiveness and enrichment potential of hydrate technology when applied to real-world samples, specifically livestock wastewater. The treatment process was applied under atmospheric pressure and optimized appropriate conditions comprising the CP-to-sample volume ratio of 1:4, reaction duration of 3 h, and temperature of 2 °C because of the high subcooling and ability to enhance the number of hydrate crystals formed along with water....