Abstract Hydrated vanadium pentoxide, V2O5·1.75H2O has emerged as a promising cathode material for multivalent ion batteries due to its tunable layered structure and enhanced ion transport properties. In this study, density functional theory (DFT) simulations are applied to investigate bilayer V2O5·nH2O material, focusing on how water content (n = 0, 1, 1.75, 2 and 2.25) influences its structural stability, electronic properties and ion intercalation behavior. Structural water forms hydrogen-bonded networks and pentameric clusters that expand the interlayer spacing, preserve [VO5] coordination, and create efficient diffusion pathways for Zn2+ and Mg2+ ions. Electronic structure analysis reveals that water intercalation narrows the band gap and...

Abstract Syntactic features such as dependency and constituency are well known to improve Semantic Role Labeling (SRL), yet existing syntax-aware SRL models remain largely opaque. Related explainable NLP methods focus primarily on token-level representations and do not quantify how such relations contribute to individual SRL predictions. This limitation is particularly concerning in high-stakes domains such as biomedicine, where interpretability is essential for building trust in NLP-assisted analysis. In this work, we propose a post-hoc explanation framework that targets pairwise syntactic relations and provides a quantitative characterization of their influence on SRL predictions, measuring both the magnitude and polarity of their...

Abstract Acute kidney injury (AKI) involves oxidative stress, inflammation, and metabolic toxin accumulation, leading to renal dysfunction and systemic metabolic disorders. Current treatments provide limited efficacy and fail to address the interplay between renal and intestinal pathologies. Here, we present a noninvasive dual-action oral platform that integrates systemic and gut-targeted therapeutic effects to restore homeostasis along the gut–kidney axis. The system employs a choline–quercetin ionic liquid (ChQ-IL) as the active pharmaceutical ingredient, encapsulated within pH-responsive, calcium-crosslinked alginate microparticles (Alg MPs). These MPs are fabricated using an interfacial microfluidic solidification technique developed in this study to ensure uniformity and scalability. ChQ-IL...